Chinese AI chip startup 🇨🇳 Zhonghao Xinying (中昊芯英), aka CL Tech and Chipltech, has emerged as a home-grown alternative to Nvidia with a new tensor processing unit (TPU), just as Google shakes up Nvidia’s lock on the market by selling its in-house tensor chips directly to major tech firms. The Hangzhou-based firm said its self-developed general-purpose tensor processing unit (GPTPU) went into mass production as early as 2023. Its flagship chip, dubbed Chana (刹那), delivers up to “1.5 times the compute performance” of Nvidia’s A100 tensor core GPU, while “cutting energy consumption by 30% for equivalent large-model workloads and reducing per-unit compute cost to 42% of Nvidia’s”, according to the company. TPUs, a type of ASIC, developed by Google for neural-network training and inference, offer higher efficiency and throughput for certain deep learning workloads. Nvidia’s GPUs are considered the backbone of the global AI boom, making the firm the world’s most valuable company, yet many customers are keen to reduce their dependence on the US chip giant. Google’s recent decision to supply TPUs directly to Anthropic and Meta Platforms, instead of only providing access through its cloud services, has positioned it more as a direct rival to Nvidia. The move even rattled market confidence in Nvidia’s long-term grip on the sector. Chinese AI developers began to seek alternatives to Nvidia after Washington restricted their access to the US firm’s most advanced products. Zhonghao Xinying was founded in 2018 by Yanggong Yifan (杨龚轶凡), a Stanford and University of Michigan-trained electrical engineer who previously worked on chip architectures at Google and Oracle. He was involved in the full design-to-deployment cycle of Google’s TPU v2, v3 and v4, according to the Chinese company. CTO and co-founder Zheng Hanxun, a graduate of the University of Southern California, previously worked in chip-design roles at Oracle and Samsung Electronics’ R&D center in Austin, Texas. Yanggong said Zhonghao Xinying’s TPU features “fully self-controlled IP cores, a custom instruction set and a wholly in-house compute platform”. “Our chips rely on no foreign technology licences, ensuring security and long-term sustainability from the architectural level.” “We have achieved a 1.5x performance increase while reducing power consumption to 75% using a manufacturing process that is an order of magnitude lower than that of leading overseas GPU chips,” Yanggong said in a June speech. As a fabless chip company, Zhonghao Xinying outsources the fabrication of its chips to foundries, but it has not publicly revealed its manufacturing partners. The company also introduced Taize (泰则), a large-scale compute cluster linking 1,024 Chana units, capable of supporting training for trillion-parameter-class foundation models. Yanggong told an industry conference in June that a “next-generation TPU” was in the works, without giving a timeline. In August, Zhonghao Xinying announced plans to acquire Shanghai-listed auto-parts maker Tip Corporation (天普股份), a move that pushed the latter’s shares from roughly 30 yuan at the time to 140 yuan today. Financial filings for the acquisition revealed that in 2023 Zhonghao Xinying generated 485 million yuan (US$68.4 million) in revenue and 81.3 million yuan in net profit, largely from the Chana TPU. Revenue rose to 598 million yuan in 2024, with net profit edging up to 85.9 million yuan, but for the first half of this year it reported revenue of just 102 million yuan and a loss of 144 million yuan. Zhonghao Xinying signed a performance-guarantee agreement with its investors that requires the company to go public by the end of 2026, or a share buy-back clause will be triggered. Tip Corporation said in a recent filing that Zhonghao Xinying had already begun work on a separate, independent IPO; so the chip startup is not pursuing a reverse takeover of Tip Corporation.
Byron Wan
2个月前
On a June night in 2024, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang held court with several of his company’s major Asian customers at a bar in Taipei. Next to him was Huang Xiaole (黄小乐) aka Alice Huang, an executive of Megaspeed, a shady Singapore-based data center company. Nvidia’s compliance team has looked into Megaspeed and determined it’s “wholly owned and operated by a company based and headquartered outside China, with no China shareholder.” Megaspeed was created in 2023 when 🇨🇳 7Road, a gaming company with ties to 🇨🇳 state-backed investors, split off its overseas operation in Singapore and renamed it Megaspeed, which in early 2024 set up Speedmatrix, a subsidiary in Malaysia that quickly snapped up ~$2B worth of Nvidia’s most advanced chips. Most of those chips came from Aivres, the US subsidiary of 🇨🇳 Inspur, a major tech company added to the 🇺🇸 Entity List in 2023 for supporting 🇨🇳 military 👉🏻 Nvidia is barred from selling its technology to Inspur without a special license. But since Aivres is based in California and records sales as a US company, it can buy Nvidia chips freely. Megaspeed has funneled those chips to data centers in Malaysia and Indonesia that appear to remotely serve customers in China. That is not necessarily illegal, but it can be found unlawful if it is done on behalf of a 🇨🇳 company. US officials have also been scrutinizing whether Megaspeed diverted some of those chips on to China, in violation of US law. Megaspeed is also facing scrutiny from Singaporean police. Megaspeed listed Alice Huang as its managing director for its first 8 months, and its current director James Tan is from Singapore but is based in Shanghai. It’s not clear when Jensen Huang and Alice Huang, who are not related, first met. She was mingling with a crowd of tech executives just after midnight at the Taipei bar in early June 2024 when she offered to ask Jensen Huang to join them. “I bet you guys I can get Jensen here,” she said, and shortly afterwards Jensen Huang arrived in his trademark black leather jacket and drank a whiskey shot with the group. Jensen Huang and Alice Huang were photographed together again in May, exiting a restaurant in Taipei with an Nvidia aide after a business dinner with other AI suppliers. Alice Huang spent much of her career in China, including working as a TV reporter for 🇨🇳 state media and as a private banker. Huang left Megaspeed in recent months. It’s unclear when and why she left and what she’s doing now. Both she and 🇨🇳 7Road, the Chinese company that Megaspeed split off from, have close ties to a web of wealthy investors and tech companies with data center projects in China. The owners of 7Road include 🇨🇳 central government and several local governments. Before joining Megaspeed, Ms. Huang was executive director for a Shanghai-based fund that had invested in 7Road and had ties to state-backed firms. Reporters looking into Megaspeed’s opaque operation have tracked business listings that led to a Malaysian data center and shopping mall, a near-empty office in Singapore and a dilapidated storefront outside Kuala Lumpur. It’s not clear where Megaspeed’s billions of dollars came from. But a few weeks after the gathering in Taipei last year, Megaspeed began receiving a steady supply of multimillion dollar shipments of some of Nvidia’s most advanced chips. Over the next 3 months, Megaspeed bought a billion $ of Nvidia technology. Within the next 9 months, it secured roughly a billion $ more. The bulk of those advanced Nvidia chips were purchased from 🇨🇳 Inspur’s US subsidiary Aivres. The shipments went to Megaspeed’s Malaysian subsidiary Speedmatrix. The registered address for Speedmatrix on the shipping records led to a dilapidated storefront outside Kuala Lumpur, where the sign out front advertised a construction company. No one was inside when a reporter visited the address in late Sep. Employees at the law firm next door said they rarely saw people in the office. 1/2
Byron Wan
7个月前
🚨🚨🚨 a coalition of 59 press freedom and human rights NGOs led by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) called for the release of Chinese journalist Zhang Zhan (张展) on May 14, the 5th anniversary of her first arrest. Her health has severely deteriorated due to her intermittent hunger strikes in protest of her arbitrary detention — she must be immediately released. On May 14, 2020, Zhang Zhan was arrested while covering the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, the city where the pandemic began, as reprisal for her reporting. Despite having already served a four-year prison sentence, the journalist is now being prosecuted a second time for reporting on human rights violations by the 🇨🇳 regime. Zhang will soon be tried but the date of her hearing is still unknown. She remains detained in the Pudong Detention Centre in Shanghai, facing an additional 5 years in prison. In a joint statement, the coalition expressed its concern over Zhang’s health, as she continues to go on intermittent hunger strikes to protest her arbitrary detention. She was hospitalized twice in 2021 due to severe malnutrition. In Jan 2025, Zhang started her hunger strike again in protest of her second arrest. In response, detention centre personnel have subjected her to force-feeding through a gastric tube — a practice considered under international treaties as ill-treatment, and in some cases torture. Zhang was apprehended by the police for the second time on Aug 28, 2024 — just three months after completing her four-year prison sentence — while travelling to her hometown in Shaanxi province. In the weeks leading up to her second arrest, Zhang had returned to her reporting, covering the harassment of activists in China on social media. Before her first arrest, Zhang Zhan posted more than 100 videos on social media documenting the outbreak of COVID-19. Seven months after she was apprehended, the journalist was sentenced to four years in prison by a Shanghai court on the charge of “picking quarrels and provoking trouble.”  RSF has campaigned for her release throughout her imprisonment and repeatedly warned about the ill treatment she has been subjected to in prison.
🇨🇳 Linwei Ding (丁林葳) lived in Silicon Valley but he spent months at a time in his native China. Nothing unusual about that — except that he was supposed to be working full time as a software engineer in Google’s San Francisco-area offices. Ding had others badge him into Google buildings, making it appear as if he were coming to work, when he’s actually busy marketing himself to Chinese companies as an expert in AI. Ding stole 500 files containing some of Google’s most important AI secrets. It’s unknown whether Ding had distributed the stolen material to his partners in China — in other words, it’s not clear the information was protected. The stolen technology was extremely significant, representing 10 to 15 years of work by Google scientists. The technology Ding stole involves the building blocks of Google’s advanced supercomputing data centers that fuel the remarkably humanlike answers consumers see when they ask questions of ChatGPT. The stolen secrets related to both software and hardware, including information about advanced computer chips that the US government has worked hard to keep out of Chinese hands. “That’s one of the most concerning aspects — that this sort of undercuts the US efforts to [prevent] China being able to develop this technology. This will give them new capabilities and insights that were developed by Google over the last 10 years at least, to develop these very advanced chips for training AI models.” If a Chinese national were to take protected information of their own accord, patent it in China and open their own business with it, “good luck challenging that in court in China. It rarely if ever succeeds.”